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Manhunt in Australia Revives Fears of Conspiracy-Theory Extremism



A remote Australian town has become the focus of global headlines after a violent attack left two police officers dead and triggered one of the country’s largest manhunts in recent years. The incident has renewed scrutiny of so-called sovereign citizen movements and conspiracy-driven anti-government groups, long dismissed as fringe but now increasingly linked to violence.


The Shooting in Porepunkah

Porepunkah, a quiet town of 1,000 people in Victoria’s Alpine region, is known for its wineries and mountain trails. That peace was shattered when police executed a search warrant on the property of 56-year-old Dezi Freeman (legally known as Desmond Filby).

According to authorities, Freeman opened fire as officers arrived, killing Detective Neal Thompson and Senior Constable Vadim De Waart, while critically injuring another officer. Freeman then fled into nearby bushland armed with multiple weapons, including at least one taken from the slain officers.

The sudden violence shocked the close-knit community. Residents described disbelief that their small town — where most people leave cars and doors unlocked — could become the scene of such an event.


Sovereign Citizens and Conspiracy Beliefs

Freeman was known to hold beliefs associated with the sovereign citizen movement — a loose global ideology that rejects the legitimacy of government and law. Adherents often refuse to recognize taxes, driver’s licences, or court authority, instead claiming obscure “pseudo-law” arguments that have no legal standing.

In Freeman’s case, he had previously attempted to “arrest” a magistrate in court and protested a failed treason case he filed against state leaders. Locals recall whispers about his eccentric lifestyle, including living in a bus on his land, but few expected violence.

Experts note disturbing similarities with the 2022 Wieambilla shooting in Queensland, where three conspiracy-driven offenders ambushed and killed two police officers in another rural community.


Growing Movement in Australia

For decades, sovereign citizens in Australia were dismissed as eccentric cranks. But during the Covid-19 pandemic, the movement grew significantly, fueled by anger at strict lockdowns and vaccination mandates. Online “gurus” began selling guides and scripts, teaching followers how to resist authority, and in some cases encouraging hostility towards police.

Estimates suggest tens of thousands of Australians now flirt with pseudo-law ideas, with many moving to rural or regional areas to live “off the grid.” While most adherents remain non-violent, experts warn that the underlying worldview — seeing government as illegitimate and interaction with officials as persecution — creates conditions for violent outbursts.


National Security Concerns

Australia’s intelligence agencies and police are increasingly aware of the risks. The Australian Federal Police warned in 2023 that while pseudo-law groups differ from traditional extremist organizations, they have the capacity to inspire violence. The FBI in the United States has long classified sovereign citizens as a domestic terrorism threat.

Victoria Police Commissioner Mike Bush, pressed on whether lessons from the Queensland tragedy had been learned, said the immediate priority remained locating Freeman. But legal experts argue more needs to be done: from better intelligence-sharing to cracking down on the online influencers profiting from conspiracy theories.


Community in Shock

As tributes pour in nationwide for the slain officers, Porepunkah residents are grappling with grief and fear.

“These police officers went to work just to check on someone, and now they’re not coming home,” one resident told reporters.

The murders of Thompson and De Waart have revived calls for stronger action against anti-government extremism. Families of officers killed in the Queensland shooting have already pleaded with authorities to ensure such tragedies are not repeated.




The Bigger Picture

The rise of conspiracy-driven extremism poses new challenges for democracies worldwide. Unlike organized terrorist groups, sovereign citizen movements are fragmented, leaderless, and hard to track. Crackdowns risk reinforcing their paranoia, while ignoring them risks more violent episodes.

Analysts say the solution lies in addressing the social and psychological roots of the movement: poor civic education, weak community support, and online radicalization. Without deeper reforms, experts warn that tragedies like Porepunkah may not be the last.

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